APPENDIX G—ANOVA SUMMARY TABLES FOR SUBJECTIVE RATINGS

Table 32. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on detection.

Statement 1: Detection

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	225.2
Between
Age	2	1.7	0.8	0.23	0.7936
Subject/Age	15	53.8	3.6

Within
VES	5	59.2	11.8	9.6	<0.0001 *
VES by Age	10	18.0	1.8	1.46	0.1724
VES by Subject/Age	75	92.5	1.2

Table 33. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on recognition.

Statement 2: Recognition

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	206.3
Between
Age	2	0.2	0.1	0.03	0.9677
Subject/Age	15	54.9	3.7

Within
VES	5	41.7	8.3	6.3	<0.0001 *
VES by Age	10	10.2	1.0	0.77	0.6559
VES by Subject/Age	75	99.3	1.3

Table 34. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on lane-keeping assistance.

Statement 3: Lane-keeping assistance

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	259.0
Between
Age	2	21.7	10.8	1.42	0.2713
Subject/Age	15	114.1	7.6

Within
VES	5	23.5	4.7	4.14	0.0022 *
VES by Age	10	14.6	1.5	1.29	0.2505
VES by Subject/Age	75	85.0	1.1

Table 35. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on roadway direction.

Statement 4: Roadway direction

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	243.7
Between
Age	2	6.9	3.5	0.68	0.5204
Subject/Age	15	75.9	5.1

Within
VES	5	37.2	7.4	5.25	0.0003 *
VES by Age	10	17.4	1.7	1.23	0.2862
VES by Subject/Age	75	106.3	1.4

Table 36. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on visual discomfort.

Statement 5: Visual discomfort

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	240.3
Between
Age	2	0.8	0.4	0.05	0.948
Subject/Age	15	111.4	7.4

Within
VES	5	20.7	4.1	3.12	0.0129 *
VES by Age	10	8.0	0.8	0.6	0.8075
VES by Subject/Age	75	99.5	1.3

Table 37. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on reading signs sooner.

Statement 6: Read signs sooner

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	305.4
Between
Age	2	15.4	7.7	1.54	0.2463
Subject/Age	15	75.0	5.0

Within
VES	5	66.2	13.2	8.07	<0.0001 *
VES by Age	10	25.8	2.6	1.57	0.131
VES by Subject/Age	75	123.0	1.6

Table 38. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on overall safety rating.

Statement 7. Overall safety rating

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	107	263.5
Between
Age	2	0.9	0.5	0.06	0.9426
Subject/Age	15	114.6	7.6

Within
VES	5	22.0	4.4	2.88	0.0197 *
VES by Age	10	11.6	1.2	0.76	0.6627
VES by Subject/Age	75	114.4	1.5

Table 39. ANOVA summary table for the Likert-type scale on overall VES evaluation.

Statement 8. Overall VES evaluation (better than regular)

Source	DF	SS	MS	F value	P value
TOTAL	106	250.5
Between
Age	2	1.0	0.5	0.07	0.9299
Subject/Age	15	104.6	7.0

Within
VES	5	15.0	3.0	1.89	0.1061
VES by Age	10	12.3	1.2	0.77	0.6532
VES by Subject/Age	74	117.6	1.6