Figure 15. Good correlations between the LS-DYNA calculations and quasi-static performance envelopes determine the default quality factors for DS-65 southern yellow pine of Q subscript T equals 0.80 with Q subscript C equals 0.93. Graphs A and B.

1. The first graph A shows force versus deflection. The first line is solid black and is labeled LS-DYNA calculation. The second line is dotted blue and is labeled DS-65 test 1420. Finally, the last two lines are solid blue and are labeled Performance Envelopes. The vertical axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 100 and represents Force (kilonewton) while the horizontal axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 200 and represents Deflection (millimeters). All four lines begin at the points of zero on both the vertical and horizontal axes. All lines ascend steeply to a range of 70 to 75 kilonewtons in force at a range of 50 to 85 millimeters of deflection. The solid black line drops off steeply at 85 kilonewtons and descends with only a few shallow spikes to low of 14 kilonewtons at 55 millimeters. It rises slightly to 20 kilonewtons and leaves the chart. The dotted blue line rises to 70 kilonewtons at 70 millimeters. It too begins a gradual descent to 46 kilonewtons at 130 millimeters and stops. The first solid blue line stays at 80 kilonewtons from 50 to 100 millimeters. It then drops quickly to 50 kilonewtons with 48 millimeters of deflection. The line then gradually ascends, leaving the graph at 30 kilonewtons. The second sold blue line peaks at 65 kilonewtons and 70 millimeters. It drops sharply to 30 kilonewtons at 100 millimeters. The line drops gradually to 20 kilonewtons where it leaves the chart.

2. The second graph B shows four distinct lines. The first line is solid black and is labeled LS-DYNA calculation. The second line is dotted blue and is labeled DS-65 test 1420. Finally, the last two lines are solid blue and are labeled Performance Envelopes. The vertical axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 9,000 and represents Energy (kilonewton-millimeters) while the horizontal axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 200 and represents Deflection (millimeters). All four lines begin at the points of zero on both the vertical and horizontal axes. The solid black line slopes upwards and off the graph at the points of 8,000 on the vertical axis and 200 on the horizontal axis. The dotted blue line slopes upwards to the points of 6,000 on the vertical axis and 130 on the horizontal axis where it comes to an end. The first solid blue lines slopes upwards and off the graph at the points of 8,500 on the vertical axis and 200 on the horizontal axis, while the second solid blue line slopes upwards and off the graph at the points of 7,400 on the vertical axis and 200 on the horizontal axis.

Return to Report

FHWA-HRT-05-096