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Figure 27. The peak force calculated with type 4 stiffness control agrees with the fully integrated element calculation better than the type 3 viscous calculation. Graph.

This graph shows three distinct lines. The first line is solid green and is labeled Viscous Hourglass Control while the second line is solid blue and is labeled Stiffness Hourglass Control. Finally, the third line is solid red and is labeled Fully Integrated Elements. The vertical axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 60 and represents force (kilonewtons) while the horizontal axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 200 and represents Deflection (millimeters). All three lines curve upwards, one overlapping the other until the points of 45 on the vertical axis and 20 on the horizontal axis where the green line splits from the other two and runs slightly shallower. The green line breaks free from the other two, peaks and plateaus at the points of 47 on the vertical axis and 25 on the horizontal axis before it drops off, sloping down sporadically to the points of 24 on the vertical axis and 110 on the horizontal axis, where it jaggedly plateaus to the points of 24 on the vertical axis and 150 on the horizontal axis. From there the green line drops down drastically to the points of 13 on the vertical axis and 150 on the horizontal axis where it plateaus and runs in a wave off the graph. The red and blue lines continue to rise shortly after their split from the green line and peak at the points of 48 on the vertical axis and 150 on the horizontal axis. Both lines drop off and slope downward sporadically. The blue line stops and plateaus at the points of 13 on the vertical axis and 100 on the horizontal axis for some time before it drops off again to the points of 5 on the vertical axis and 150 on the horizontal axis where the blue line runs in a wave off the graph. The red line stops and plateaus at the points of 12 on the vertical axis and 110 on the horizontal axis before it too drops off again to the points of zero on the vertical axis and 165 on the horizontal axis where it runs straight off the graph.

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FHWA-HRT-05-096


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