Figure 34. These correlations between the LS-DYNA calculations and the performance envelopes were used to adjust the parallel fracture energy for DS-65 pine to 85 times the perpendicular fracture energy. Graphs.

The first graph shows three distinct lines. The first line is solid gray and is labeled LS-DYNA Calculation G subscript F equals 85 while the second and third lines are labeled Performance Envelopes. The vertical axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 10,000 and represents Energy (kilonewton-millimeters) while the horizontal axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 200 and represents Deflection (millimeters). The solid gray line slopes upward continually until it leaves the graph at the points of 7,500 on the vertical axis and 200 on the horizontal axis. The first pink line slopes upward to the points of 8,000 on the vertical axis and 160 on the horizontal axis where it ends while the second pink line slopes upward to the points of 6,000 on the vertical axis and 160 on the horizontal axis where it too ends.

The second graph shows two distinct lines. The first is pink dashed and is labeled DS-65 Southern Yellow Pine test 1129 while the second is solid gray and is labeled LS-DYNA Calculation G subscript F equals 85. The vertical axis of this graph ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 and represents Velocity Reduction (meters per second) while the horizontal axis of this graph ranges from 0 to 60 and represents time (milliseconds). Both lines begin at the points of zero on both the vertical and horizontal axes. The dashed pink line lakes its way across the graph in a wave-like fashion. It first peaks at the points of 0.92 on the vertical axis and 15 on the horizontal axis where it then slopes back down to the points of 0.63 on the vertical axis and 25 on the horizontal axis. From there the pink line slopes back up to the points of 0.8 on the vertical axis and 35 on the horizontal axis where it again slopes down to the points of 0.75 on the vertical axis and 45 on the horizontal axis. From here, the pink line slopes upward one last time and runs off the graph at the points of 0.9 on the vertical axis and 60 on the horizontal axis. The solid gray line slopes upward roughly to the points of 0.95 on the vertical axis and 35 on the horizontal axis where it finds its end.

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FHWA-HRT-05-096